In a microprocessor-controlled two-way radio, a “watchdog” timer:

Verifies that the microprocessor is executing the program.

See Wikipedia's article Watchdog timer

Also, see the All About Circuits site for the article Watchdog Timers in Microcontrollers

And, see the Microcontroller Tips site for the article Watchdog Timer: what is it?

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What does the term “DAC” refer to in a microprocessor circuit?

Digital to analog converter.

DAC: Digital Analog Converter

Modems used to dial up to AOL in days past, were actually converting digital signals to analog. Modems facilitated sending digital signals over analog lines. If a device converts digital to analog, it is a DAC, but if it converts analog to digital, it is an ADC.

See Wikipedia's article on Digital-to-analog converter and
the article on Analog-to-digital converter

Also, see the Tutorials Point site for the article on Digital to Analog Converters

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Which of the following is not part of a MCU processor?

Voltage Regulator

MCU is the microcontroller unit, possessing the processor, memory, and input/output peripherals on a single chip.

See the Tech Target site for the article microcontroller (MCU) Ben Lutkevich By Ben Lutkevich, Technical Writer

See Wikipedia's article on Voltage regulator, and the article on Voltage regulator module

And, see the the Webopedia site for the article Voltage Regulator

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What portion of a microprocessor circuit is the pulse generator?

Clock

From kj6prf:

A clock in a microprocessor simply produces a regular series of pulses, which is then used to control the rest of the microprocessor. Those pulses keep time in the circuit, and hence the name "clock."

See the Tutorials Point site for the article Microprocessor Concepts

Also, see the Intel site for the article What is Clock Speed?

And, see the Toppr site for the article Clock Speed.

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In a microprocessor, what is the meaning of the term “ALU”?

Arithmetic logic unit.

See Wikipedia's article on Arithmetic logic unit

Also, see The Education Training site for the article Arithmetic Logic Unit -The ‘Brain’ Of the Computer

And, the Arith-matic site for the article Arithmetic Logic Units (ALU): An Introduction

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What circuit interconnects the microprocessor with the memory and input/output system?

Data bus line.

See Wikipedia's article on Bus (computing)

Also, see the site Easy Tech Junkie for the well-illustrated article on What is a Data Bus? by Harry Husted

And, see the Computer Hope site for the article Bus

For more information, please see Techopedia site for the article Data Bus

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